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Letter from Bellingham Travail: Stopping the War Machine

In Bellingham on Jan 28, 2024 the Washington State Democratic Central Committee passed a resolution written by me, Donald A. Smith, PhD, along with Sharon Abreu and Linda Boyd, calling for a less militarized foreign policy and for a “just transition” to a peace economy.

Resolution on the Urgency of Transitioning to an Economy Based on Peace 

The Washington State Democratic Progressive Caucus had earlier unanimously passed the same resolution in a slightly different form.

Most Americans initially supported the wars in Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan, thinking that the wars were noble defenses of democracy.

Eventually, Americans learned that all three wars were far from noble and that the government had been lying about their progress.

Similar things can be said about the wars, proxy wars, and government overthrows in Iran (1953), Indonesia (1965-1966), Kosovo, Syria, Libya, Yemen, Gaza, throughout Latin America, and elsewhere.

Several million people died in the Vietnam War. Approximately 1 million people died in the U.S.-backed war in Indonesia. Hundreds of thousands died in U.S. proxy wars in Latin America, where U.S. meddling continues to this day.

Legacy of U.S. foreign policy: death

According to Brown University’s Costs of War project, post-9/11 U.S. wars killed 900,000 people directly and another 3.5 million people indirectly.

These wars, overthrows, and associated economic sanctions caused refugee crises that destabilized governments throughout Europe and caused havoc at the U.S. border.

Nearly the only people held responsible for these disasters were whistle blowers who exposed U.S. war crimes and lies.

Yet not six months after the disastrous end to the disastrous war in Afghanistan, the U.S. was again at war: a proxy war with Russia in Ukraine.

The government and its compliant media told Americans that the Russian invasion was “unprovoked.” So most Americans believed that U.S. aid for Ukraine was a noble defense of democracy.

Sorry, but how can so many Americans be naive enough to believe what the government says about Ukraine, given the history of US lies about wars?

While Russia’s 2022 invasion was criminal, the sad truth is that the U.S. is far from innocent in the crisis, and the U.S. has launched numerous and less justified wars worldwide.

Senior U.S. diplomats, academics and journalists said that aggressive NATO expansion provoked the war in Ukraine and that the U.S. helped overthrow the government of Ukraine in 2014, allying with far-right groups Right Sektor, Svoboda, and Azov Battalion to do so. In much the same way, the U.S. allied with Muslim extremists to overthrow governments in Kosovo, Libya, and Syria, where the U.S. currently occupies one third of the country with help from its proxy army, the Syrian Defense Forces.

Senior U.S. diplomats say the U.S. provoked Russia in Ukraine

I know that all this is not a popular view in the current Democratic Party, which, amazingly, has become more hawkish than the crazy GOP.

The U.S. intentionally provoked the war in Ukraine by aggressively expanding NATO, contrary to verbal promises given to Soviet leaders, and against the warnings by senior U.S. diplomats. The U.S. poured billions of dollars into regime change operations in Eastern Europe, even though Russia had repeatedly asked to be integrated into the Western alliance. The U.S. aided Chechen rebels that Russia regarded as terrorists. The U.S. withdrew from multiple nuclear arms treaties. The U.S. allied with far-right Ukrainian militias that were attacking Russian speakers in the east and that had been widely condemned by U.S. media and by Congress prior to 2022. Likewise, the U.S. allied with Muslim extremists to overthrow pro-Russian governments in Kosovo, Syria, and Libya.

Russian speakers in eastern Ukraine voted overwhelmingly to ally with Russia, and the post-2014 Ukrainian government suppressed official uses of the Russian language. Far-right groups such as the Azov Battalion and Svoboda integrated into the Ukrainian army and continue to bully politicians.

As reported in the New Yorker, the NSA and CIA went to great lengths to hide information about Ukraine, but it is clear that the U.S. aided the 2014 coup. According to Chas W. Freeman, former U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia and a Lifetime Director of the Atlantic Council, the U.S. engineered it.

The RAND Corporation study Overextending an Unbalancing Russia recommended arming Ukraine as the best way to weaken Russia and predicted that it would provoke a war. The U.S. undermined peace deals both before and after the Russian invasion. Angela Merkel and others later admitted this.

In short, as Dennis Kucinich and others have said, the U.S. used Ukrainians as disposable pawns in a nasty geopolitical chess game with Russia.

U.S. hypocrisy is stunning. It invaded, occupied and bombed countries worldwide (e.g., Iraq) for far less provocation than Russia’s invasion of its neighbor Ukraine. The U.S. is currently occupying one third of Syria (the parts with oil), with help from its proxy army, the Syrian Defense Forces. The U.S. still has troops in Iraq (making them easy targets for enemies) and has over 750 military bases in about 80 countries.

Yet Russia is now on the offensive in Ukraine, and despite American sanctions, the Russian economy is booming. It grew faster than all G7 economies in 2023; Russia even overtook Germany as Europe’s largest economy. More and more countries are dumping the U.S. dollar as the international currency. The European economy is suffering from the sanctions, which caused inflation. The U.S. is $34 trillion in debt but has already sent over $100 billion to Ukraine, one of the most corrupt countries in Europe. Furthermore, the U.S. is bombing Iranian-linked militants in Yemen and Iraq, risking war with Iran. And the U.S. is actively preparing for war with China.

The bipartisan military-industrial complex that President Eisenhower warned against has been fleecing the public and causing death and destruction worldwide for decades. The military budget is close to $1 trillion a year, but the Pentagon is unable to pass an audit and can’t account for trillions of dollars in assets. Multiple weapons programs, such as the $1.7 trillion F-35 fighter jet, are low-functioning boondoggles. For a fraction of the money the U.S. spends on the corrupt and destructive military, we could feed the poor, house the homeless, convert to green energy, and implement universal health care.

A trillion dollars here, a trillion dollars there. Pretty soon it adds up to a lot of money.

For more information see

Resolution on the Urgency of Transitioning to an Economy Based on Peace 

or

Senior U.S. diplomats, journalists, academics and Secretaries of Defense say: The U.S. provoked Russia in Ukraine

and the links therein.

By the way, the resolution passed by the Washington State Democratic Central Committee in Bellingham omitted the fourth WHEREAS, which reads:

WHEREAS, aggressive NATO expansion was a contributing cause [5] of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, as even NATO Secretary Jens Stoltenberg and various senior U.S. diplomats and Secretaries of Defense admitted [6]; the U.S. armed the Saudis in their brutal war against Yemen and continues to support Israel in its oppression and (since Oct 7, 2023) genocide of the Palestinian people; and the U.S. arms buildup and aggressive economic and diplomatic actions towards China seem designed to provoke yet another war, this one over Taiwan;

Sharon Abreu, who shepherded the resolution through the state Central Committee, says that prior to the Bellingham meeting, the state Resolution Committee had removed the fourth WHEREAS, and when the resolution came up for a vote by the Central Committee, she dared not call for reconsideration of the fourth WHEREAS, since she knew debate would be contentious and since she knew it would still be a big win for the state committee to have passed this resolution. In fact, I am surprised they passed it at all, since I know that some people in the Democratic Party vehemently disagree with my views on the war in Ukraine, and their passing the resolution even without the fourth WHEREAS gives legitimacy to these antiwar views.

More and more, the truth is coming out: the U.S. lied about another war, which was avoidable had the U.S. had a more restrained and sane foreign policy.

 

U.S. Senators Visualized in 3D based on their votes

By Donald A. Smith

Using data from VoteView and software that I wrote, I made visualizations of U.S. senators based on their 2023 rollcall votes.

The visualizations use Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and tsne to project their voting data to 3d. Senators who voted the same on more bills/resolutions appear close together.
Votes of Senators who served only part of the term were omitted.


PCA (Principal Components Analysis) view:

Senate-PCA-1-with-captions.jpg

Below is another view of the same data, to make apparent the 3d rotation and to reveal more dimensions of the data. (The dimensions have no specific relation to, say, social or economic conservativism.)
Senate-PCA-2-with-captions.jpg

Those results are consistent with how Progressive Push ranks senators on a scale of conservatism/liberalism.. Progressive Push says Joe Manchin, Jon Tester, and Sherrod Brown are the most conservative Democratic senators.

By the way, Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (WA-CD8) is the second most conservative Democrat in the House (Jared Golden is the first), and Kim Schrier (WA-CD3) is the eighth most conservative Democrat, according to Progressive Push.

This view is using the TSNE projection:

Senate-tsne-with-captions.jpg


The senators whose votes were closest to each senator

The number in the first column is the vote distance between the senators based on the ~350 votes senators took in 2023. For example, the “6” on the line for DURBIN below the line For BALDWIN indicates that Tammy Baldwin and Richard Durbin voted the same on all but six votes in 2023.

BALDWIN, Tammy, Democrat (358 votes)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)
7:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)
8:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)
9:   BROWN, Sherrod(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
10:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  MURPHY, Christopher(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)


BENNET, Michael F., Democrat (357 votes)
4:   HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)
5:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
6:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
8:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

BLACKBURN, Marsha, Republican (342 votes)
15:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
17:   BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
19:   JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)
22:   TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)  SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)
23:   RISCH, James(Republican)

BLUMENTHAL, Richard, Democrat (358 votes)
1:   SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)
2:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
3:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
4:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
5:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)

BOOKER, Cory Anthony, Democrat (341 votes)
6:   WYDEN, Ronald Lee(Democrat)
7:   WARREN, Elizabeth(Democrat)
8:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  HIRONO, Mazie(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  WELCH, Peter(Democrat)
9:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  MERKLEY, Jeff(Democrat)
10:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  MARKEY, Edward John(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)

BOOZMAN, John, Republican (352 votes)
13:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
18:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
21:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)  THUNE, John(Republican)
23:   ERNST, Joni(Republican)
25:   WICKER, Roger F.(Republican)

BRAUN, Michael, Republican (349 votes)
23:   HAWLEY, Joshua David(Republican)  SCHMITT, Eric Stephen(Republican)
26:   LEE, Mike(Republican)
30:   TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)  VANCE, James David(Republican)
33:   LUMMIS, Cynthia M.(Republican)
34:   SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)  MARSHALL, Roger Wayne(Republican)

BRITT, Katie Elizabeth, Republican (352 votes)
17:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
18:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
20:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
21:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
22:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)

BROWN, Sherrod, Democrat (355 votes)
5:   CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)
6:   PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)
7:   KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
8:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
9:   BALDWIN, Tammy(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

BUDD, Theodore Paul, Republican (347 votes)
22:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
24:   CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)(Republican)  JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)
25:   DAINES, Steve(Republican)
26:   LUMMIS, Cynthia M.(Republican)
27:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)


CANTWELL, Maria E., Democrat (354 votes)
2:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)
3:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
4:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
5:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)

CAPITO, Shelley Moore, Republican (352 votes)
24:   ROMNEY, Willard Mitt (Mitt)(Republican)
26:   ROUNDS, Marion Michael (Mike)(Republican)
29:   CORNYN, John(Republican)  McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
34:   WICKER, Roger F.(Republican)
37:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)

CARDIN, Benjamin Louis, Democrat (352 votes)
4:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
5:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)
6:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  MURPHY, Christopher(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
7:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
8:   HIRONO, Mazie(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

CARPER, Thomas Richard, Democrat (358 votes)
1:   WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
2:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
3:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
4:   WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
5:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)

CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr., Democrat (343 votes)
1:   PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)
2:   COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
3:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)
4:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
5:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  BROWN, Sherrod(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)

CASSIDY, Bill, Republican (344 votes)
35:   CRAMER, Kevin(Republican)
41:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)
43:   LANKFORD, James(Republican)
44:   MORAN, Jerry(Republican)
45:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)  HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)  YOUNG, Todd(Republican)  HOEVEN, John(Republican)

COLLINS, Susan Margaret, Republican (361 votes)
30:   MURKOWSKI, Lisa(Republican)
64:   MANCHIN, Joe, III(Democrat)
71:   GRAHAM, Lindsey O.(Republican)
91:   TESTER, Jon(Democrat)
95:   KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)  SINEMA, Kyrsten(Independent)

COONS, Christopher A., Democrat (342 votes)
0:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)
1:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
2:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
3:   CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
4:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)

CORNYN, John, Republican (351 votes)
29:   CAPITO, Shelley Moore(Republican)  ROMNEY, Willard Mitt (Mitt)(Republican)
31:   WICKER, Roger F.(Republican)
32:   LANKFORD, James(Republican)
34:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)  McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
36:   ERNST, Joni(Republican)

CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie, Democrat (360 votes)
4:   COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
5:   HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)
6:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
8:   KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)

COTTON, Tom, Republican (349 votes)
13:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)
15:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
19:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)  LANKFORD, James(Republican)
21:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)  MULLIN, Markwayne(Republican)  BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
22:   BUDD, Theodore Paul(Republican)  ERNST, Joni(Republican)

CRAMER, Kevin, Republican (327 votes)
23:   HOEVEN, John(Republican)
24:   THUNE, John(Republican)
26:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
28:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)  BOOZMAN, John(Republican)
29:   ERNST, Joni(Republican)  LANKFORD, James(Republican)

CRAPO, Michael Dean, Republican (344 votes)
1:   RISCH, James(Republican)
27:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
30:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)  CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)(Republican)  JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)
31:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
32:   MULLIN, Markwayne(Republican)  BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)

CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted), Republican (327 votes)
21:   JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)
22:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
24:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)  BUDD, Theodore Paul(Republican)
25:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
27:   RISCH, James(Republican)  BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)  DAINES, Steve(Republican)

DAINES, Steve, Republican (349 votes)
20:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
23:   JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)
25:   BUDD, Theodore Paul(Republican)
26:   LUMMIS, Cynthia M.(Republican)  MARSHALL, Roger Wayne(Republican)
27:   CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)(Republican)  FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)

DUCKWORTH, Tammy, Democrat (354 votes)
0:   WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)
1:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)
2:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
3:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
4:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

DURBIN, Richard Joseph, Democrat (319 votes)
2:   MURPHY, Christopher(Democrat)
3:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)
4:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
5:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
6:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  BALDWIN, Tammy(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  HIRONO, Mazie(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

ERNST, Joni, Republican (349 votes)
16:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
22:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
23:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)
24:   WICKER, Roger F.(Republican)
25:   THUNE, John(Republican)



FISCHER, Debra (Deb), Republican (358 votes)
15:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
16:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)  ERNST, Joni(Republican)
18:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)
20:   BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
21:   LANKFORD, James(Republican)

GILLIBRAND, Kirsten, Democrat (354 votes)
2:   SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
3:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
4:   CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
5:   CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  MURPHY, Christopher(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)

GRAHAM, Lindsey O., Republican (339 votes)
68:   TILLIS, Thomas Roland (Thom)(Republican)
71:   COLLINS, Susan Margaret(Republican)
73:   MURKOWSKI, Lisa(Republican)
83:   MANCHIN, Joe, III(Democrat)
92:   McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)

GRASSLEY, Charles Ernest, Republican (356 votes)
42:   McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
45:   MORAN, Jerry(Republican)
46:   CORNYN, John(Republican)  CRAMER, Kevin(Republican)
50:   ROMNEY, Willard Mitt (Mitt)(Republican)
51:   YOUNG, Todd(Republican)  CAPITO, Shelley Moore(Republican)

HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill), Republican (332 votes)
15:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
16:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
18:   BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
20:   JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)  DAINES, Steve(Republican)
21:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)

HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie), Democrat (360 votes)
3:   CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
4:   COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)
5:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)
6:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
7:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)

HAWLEY, Joshua David, Republican (342 votes)
9:   SCHMITT, Eric Stephen(Republican)
22:   SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)
23:   BRAUN, Michael(Republican)
28:   LUMMIS, Cynthia M.(Republican)
29:   TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)  LEE, Mike(Republican)  VANCE, James David(Republican)

HEINRICH, Martin, Democrat (355 votes)
3:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)
4:   LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
5:   WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)

HICKENLOOPER, John Wright, Democrat (348 votes)
4:   BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)
5:   CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
6:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
8:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

HIRONO, Mazie, Democrat (361 votes)
4:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
8:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  BOOKER, Cory Anthony(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  MURPHY, Christopher(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)
9:   STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)

HOEVEN, John, Republican (353 votes)
21:   THUNE, John(Republican)
23:   CRAMER, Kevin(Republican)
24:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
25:   BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
26:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)

HYDE-SMITH, Cindy, Republican (349 votes)
19:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
21:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)
22:   BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)  LANKFORD, James(Republican)
23:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)  HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
24:   WICKER, Roger F.(Republican)

JOHNSON, Ron, Republican (349 votes)
19:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
20:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
21:   CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)(Republican)
23:   DAINES, Steve(Republican)
24:   BUDD, Theodore Paul(Republican)  TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)  SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)  BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)

KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim), Democrat (360 votes)
4:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
5:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
6:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
8:   KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)

KELLY, Mark Edward, Democrat (343 votes)
5:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
6:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  BROWN, Sherrod(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
8:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
9:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)

KENNEDY, John Neely, Republican (351 votes)
38:   McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
45:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)
47:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)  CRAMER, Kevin(Republican)
50:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)  MULLIN, Markwayne(Republican)
51:   CORNYN, John(Republican)  CAPITO, Shelley Moore(Republican)

KING, Angus Stanley, Jr., Independent (349 votes)
6:   HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)
7:   SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
8:   KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
9:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)
10:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)

KLOBUCHAR, Amy, Democrat (357 votes)
5:   SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
6:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)
8:   BALDWIN, Tammy(Democrat)  BROWN, Sherrod(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)
9:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)

LANKFORD, James, Republican (359 votes)
19:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
20:   RUBIO, Marco(Republican)
21:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
22:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)
26:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)  MULLIN, Markwayne(Republican)  ERNST, Joni(Republican)

LEE, Mike, Republican (337 votes)
26:   BRAUN, Michael(Republican)
27:   PAUL, Rand(Republican)
28:   SCHMITT, Eric Stephen(Republican)
29:   HAWLEY, Joshua David(Republican)  VANCE, James David(Republican)
35:   TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)

LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray, Democrat (358 votes)
4:   HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)
5:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)
6:   CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
7:   WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)
8:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

LUMMIS, Cynthia M., Republican (348 votes)
26:   BUDD, Theodore Paul(Republican)  DAINES, Steve(Republican)
28:   CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)(Republican)  HAWLEY, Joshua David(Republican)
29:   TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)
30:   JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)
32:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)  SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)

MANCHIN, Joe, III, Democrat (353 votes)
60:   TESTER, Jon(Democrat)
63:   KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)
64:   COLLINS, Susan Margaret(Republican)
66:   SINEMA, Kyrsten(Independent)
67:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)

MARKEY, Edward John, Democrat (350 votes)
3:   WARREN, Elizabeth(Democrat)
6:   SANDERS, Bernard(Independent)  WELCH, Peter(Democrat)
7:   MERKLEY, Jeff(Democrat)
10:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  BOOKER, Cory Anthony(Democrat)
12:   WYDEN, Ronald Lee(Democrat)

MARSHALL, Roger Wayne, Republican (345 votes)
26:   DAINES, Steve(Republican)
29:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)  SCHMITT, Eric Stephen(Republican)
31:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
32:   CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)(Republican)  TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)  BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
33:   LUMMIS, Cynthia M.(Republican)  JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)

MENENDEZ, Robert, Democrat (354 votes)
6:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)
7:   CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
8:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
9:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
10:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)

MERKLEY, Jeff, Democrat (346 votes)
6:   WELCH, Peter(Democrat)
7:   MARKEY, Edward John(Democrat)
8:   WYDEN, Ronald Lee(Democrat)
9:   WARREN, Elizabeth(Democrat)  BOOKER, Cory Anthony(Democrat)
11:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  SANDERS, Bernard(Independent)

MORAN, Jerry, Republican (329 votes)
26:   YOUNG, Todd(Republican)
30:   CRAMER, Kevin(Republican)
34:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)
36:   THUNE, John(Republican)
37:   McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)

MULLIN, Markwayne, Republican (346 votes)
21:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
24:   BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
25:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)  FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
26:   LANKFORD, James(Republican)
27:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)  RUBIO, Marco(Republican)

MURKOWSKI, Lisa, Republican (348 votes)
30:   COLLINS, Susan Margaret(Republican)
73:   GRAHAM, Lindsey O.(Republican)
79:   MANCHIN, Joe, III(Democrat)
95:   TILLIS, Thomas Roland (Thom)(Republican)
100:   TESTER, Jon(Democrat)

MURPHY, Christopher, Democrat (360 votes)
2:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)
5:   WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)
6:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
7:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
8:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  HIRONO, Mazie(Democrat)  WELCH, Peter(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

MURRAY, Patty, Democrat (354 votes)
0:   COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
1:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
2:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
3:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
4:   OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch), Republican (329 votes)
28:   WICKER, Roger F.(Republican)
29:   YOUNG, Todd(Republican)  CAPITO, Shelley Moore(Republican)
33:   TILLIS, Thomas Roland (Thom)(Republican)
34:   CORNYN, John(Republican)  ROMNEY, Willard Mitt (Mitt)(Republican)  ROUNDS, Marion Michael (Mike)(Republican)
36:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)

OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon), Democrat (353 votes)
2:   COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
4:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)
5:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
7:   HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)

PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex), Democrat (336 votes)
1:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
2:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
3:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
4:   KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
5:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)

PAUL, Rand, Republican (346 votes)
27:   LEE, Mike(Republican)
35:   BRAUN, Michael(Republican)
37:   HAWLEY, Joshua David(Republican)  SCHMITT, Eric Stephen(Republican)
38:   VANCE, James David(Republican)
44:   TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)

PETERS, Gary C., Democrat (358 votes)
1:   CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)
4:   HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
5:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
6:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  BROWN, Sherrod(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)
7:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)

REED, John F. (Jack), Democrat (361 votes)
1:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
2:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
3:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)
4:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
5:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

RICKETTS, John Peter (Pete), Republican (353 votes)
22:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
27:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)
29:   ERNST, Joni(Republican)
30:   RISCH, James(Republican)
32:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)

RISCH, James, Republican (322 votes)
1:   CRAPO, Michael Dean(Republican)
23:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
26:   SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)
27:   CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)(Republican)  JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)  BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
28:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)  HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)  MULLIN, Markwayne(Republican)

ROMNEY, Willard Mitt (Mitt), Republican (348 votes)
24:   CAPITO, Shelley Moore(Republican)
29:   CORNYN, John(Republican)
34:   ROUNDS, Marion Michael (Mike)(Republican)  McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
39:   YOUNG, Todd(Republican)
41:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)

ROSEN, Jacklyn Sheryl, Democrat (361 votes)
11:   CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
14:   HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)
15:   KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
16:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)
17:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)

ROUNDS, Marion Michael (Mike), Republican (351 votes)
26:   CAPITO, Shelley Moore(Republican)
34:   ROMNEY, Willard Mitt (Mitt)(Republican)  McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
42:   TILLIS, Thomas Roland (Thom)(Republican)
46:   CORNYN, John(Republican)
47:   MORAN, Jerry(Republican)

RUBIO, Marco, Republican (343 votes)
20:   LANKFORD, James(Republican)
25:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
26:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
27:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)  HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)  JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)  MULLIN, Markwayne(Republican)
28:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)

SANDERS, Bernard, Independent (324 votes)
6:   MARKEY, Edward John(Democrat)
10:   WARREN, Elizabeth(Democrat)
11:   MERKLEY, Jeff(Democrat)
13:   WELCH, Peter(Democrat)
14:   BOOKER, Cory Anthony(Democrat)

SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel, Democrat (351 votes)
1:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
2:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
3:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
4:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
5:   OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

SCHMITT, Eric Stephen, Republican (348 votes)
9:   HAWLEY, Joshua David(Republican)
22:   SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)
23:   BRAUN, Michael(Republican)
28:   LEE, Mike(Republican)
29:   TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)  MARSHALL, Roger Wayne(Republican)

SCHUMER, Charles Ellis (Chuck), Democrat (358 votes)
5:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
6:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
7:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
8:   OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
9:   WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick), Republican (349 votes)
18:   TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy)(Republican)
22:   HAWLEY, Joshua David(Republican)  BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)  SCHMITT, Eric Stephen(Republican)
24:   JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)
26:   RISCH, James(Republican)  HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)  BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
29:   CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)(Republican)


SHAHEEN, Jeanne, Democrat (349 votes)
3:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
4:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
5:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)
7:   BROWN, Sherrod(Democrat)  KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)

SINEMA, Kyrsten, Independent (359 votes)
16:   TESTER, Jon(Democrat)
20:   KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)  ROSEN, Jacklyn Sheryl(Democrat)
22:   HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
23:   CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
25:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)

SMITH, Tina, Democrat (352 votes)
2:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
3:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
4:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
5:   KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  MURPHY, Christopher(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)

STABENOW, Deborah Ann, Democrat (348 votes)
1:   MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
2:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)
3:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
4:   WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
5:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

SULLIVAN, Daniel Scott, Republican (345 votes)
32:   BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)
35:   HOEVEN, John(Republican)  SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)
36:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
37:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)  BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
38:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)  RISCH, James(Republican)  THUNE, John(Republican)

TESTER, Jon, Democrat (361 votes)
16:   SINEMA, Kyrsten(Independent)
17:   KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)
18:   BROWN, Sherrod(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
19:   CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  HICKENLOOPER, John Wright(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  BENNET, Michael F.(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
20:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)

THUNE, John, Republican (361 votes)
21:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)  HOEVEN, John(Republican)
24:   COTTON, Tom(Republican)  CRAMER, Kevin(Republican)
25:   ERNST, Joni(Republican)
26:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
28:   MULLIN, Markwayne(Republican)  BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)

TILLIS, Thomas Roland (Thom), Republican (320 votes)
33:   McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
42:   ROUNDS, Marion Michael (Mike)(Republican)
43:   CAPITO, Shelley Moore(Republican)
44:   ROMNEY, Willard Mitt (Mitt)(Republican)
45:   YOUNG, Todd(Republican)

TUBERVILLE, Thomas Hawley (Tommy), Republican (339 votes)
18:   SCOTT, Richard Lynn (Rick)(Republican)
22:   BLACKBURN, Marsha(Republican)
23:   HAGERTY, William Francis (Bill)(Republican)
24:   JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)
25:   BRITT, Katie Elizabeth(Republican)

VAN HOLLEN, Christopher, Democrat (359 votes)
4:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  HIRONO, Mazie(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
5:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
6:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  MURPHY, Christopher(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)
7:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
8:   BALDWIN, Tammy(Democrat)  BOOKER, Cory Anthony(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  WELCH, Peter(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)

VANCE, James David, Republican (346 votes)
29:   LEE, Mike(Republican)  HAWLEY, Joshua David(Republican)
30:   BRAUN, Michael(Republican)
32:   SCHMITT, Eric Stephen(Republican)
35:   MARSHALL, Roger Wayne(Republican)
37:   JOHNSON, Ron(Republican)

WARNER, Mark, Democrat (356 votes)
3:   HASSAN, Margaret (Maggie)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
4:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)
5:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  PETERS, Gary C.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
6:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  KELLY, Mark Edward(Democrat)
7:   KING, Angus Stanley, Jr.(Independent)

WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel, Democrat (351 votes)
1:   WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)
2:   CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
3:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  HEINRICH, Martin(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
4:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
5:   KAINE, Timothy Michael (Tim)(Democrat)  CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie(Democrat)  OSSOFF, Thomas Jonathan (Jon)(Democrat)  KLOBUCHAR, Amy(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  SHAHEEN, Jeanne(Democrat)

WARREN, Elizabeth, Democrat (359 votes)
3:   MARKEY, Edward John(Democrat)
7:   BOOKER, Cory Anthony(Democrat)  WELCH, Peter(Democrat)
9:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  WYDEN, Ronald Lee(Democrat)  MERKLEY, Jeff(Democrat)
10:   SANDERS, Bernard(Independent)
11:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)

WELCH, Peter, Democrat (352 votes)
6:   MARKEY, Edward John(Democrat)  MERKLEY, Jeff(Democrat)
7:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  WARREN, Elizabeth(Democrat)
8:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  BOOKER, Cory Anthony(Democrat)  MURPHY, Christopher(Democrat)  WYDEN, Ronald Lee(Democrat)
10:   HIRONO, Mazie(Democrat)
12:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)

WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon, Democrat (351 votes)
0:   DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)
1:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)
2:   GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
3:   PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)  WARNER, Mark(Democrat)
4:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  CARDIN, Benjamin Louis(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)

WICKER, Roger F., Republican (358 votes)
23:   FISCHER, Debra (Deb)(Republican)
24:   HYDE-SMITH, Cindy(Republican)  ERNST, Joni(Republican)
25:   BOOZMAN, John(Republican)
28:   McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
29:   THUNE, John(Republican)

WYDEN, Ronald Lee, Democrat (360 votes)
6:   BOOKER, Cory Anthony(Democrat)
8:   DURBIN, Richard Joseph(Democrat)  SMITH, Tina(Democrat)  WELCH, Peter(Democrat)  MERKLEY, Jeff(Democrat)
9:   WARREN, Elizabeth(Democrat)  WARNOCK, Raphael Gamaliel(Democrat)  CANTWELL, Maria E.(Democrat)  STABENOW, Deborah Ann(Democrat)
10:   VAN HOLLEN, Christopher(Democrat)  GILLIBRAND, Kirsten(Democrat)  MURRAY, Patty(Democrat)  CARPER, Thomas Richard(Democrat)  WHITEHOUSE, Sheldon(Democrat)  LUJÃ?N, Ben Ray(Democrat)  CASEY, Robert (Bob), Jr.(Democrat)  BLUMENTHAL, Richard(Democrat)  DUCKWORTH, Tammy(Democrat)  COONS, Christopher A.(Democrat)
11:   REED, John F. (Jack)(Democrat)  PADILLA, Alejandro (Alex)(Democrat)  SCHATZ, Brian Emanuel(Democrat)

YOUNG, Todd, Republican (354 votes)
26:   MORAN, Jerry(Republican)
29:   McCONNELL, Addison Mitchell (Mitch)(Republican)
37:   CRAMER, Kevin(Republican)
39:   ROMNEY, Willard Mitt (Mitt)(Republican)
43:   CAPITO, Shelley Moore(Republican)

Another good article by Jeffrey Sachs

In Jeffrey Sach’s NATO Expansion & Ukraine’s Destruction, he quotes NATO Secretary0-General  Jens Stoltenberg saying, “So, he [Putin] went to war to prevent NATO, more NATO, close to his borders. He has got the exact opposite.”

When Prof. John Mearsheimer, I, and others have said the same, we’ve been attacked as Putin apologists. The same critics also choose to hide or flatly ignore the dire warnings against NATO enlargement to Ukraine, long articulated by many of America’s leading diplomats, including the great scholar-statesman George Kennan, and the former U.S. ambassadors to Russia Jack Matlock and William Burns.

Why does Russia oppose NATO enlargement? For the simple reason that Russia does not accept the U.S. military on its 2,300 km border with Ukraine in the Black Sea region. Russia does not appreciate the U.S. placement of Aegis missiles in Poland and Romania after the U.S. unilaterally abandoned the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty. ….

Russia also does not welcome the fact that the U.S. engaged in no fewer than 70 regime change operations during the Cold War (1947-1989), and countless more since, including in Serbia, Afghanistan, Georgia, Iraq, Syria, Libya, Venezuela, and Ukraine. …

Even Zelensky’s team knew that the quest for NATO enlargement meant imminent war with Russia. Oleksiy Arestovych, former adviser to the Office of the President of Ukraine under Zelensky, declared that “with a 99.9 percent probability, our price for joining NATO is a big war with Russia.” …

So, yes, Putin went to war to prevent NATO, more NATO, close to Russia’s border. Ukraine is being destroyed by U.S. arrogance, proving again Henry Kissinger’s adage that to be America’s enemy is dangerous, while to be its friend is fatal.

That inspired me to make:

To be an enemy of America can be dangerous,  but to be a friend is fatal.

Bellevue City Council Climate Forum (2023-09-19)

Tuesday night I attended the Bellevue City Council Climate Forum at Eastshore Unitarian Universalist Church in Factoria.

The Bellevue City Council candidates appearing at the Climate Forum

The candidates that appeared were, from the left, John Stokes (incumbent), Paul Clark (Stokes’ challenger) , Mo Malakoutian, Janice Zahn (incumbent), Betsi Hummer (Zahn’s challenger), and Dave Hamilton.

Malakoutian’s challenger, Alex Tsimerman, did not appear. ( You can find some information about him here: https://nextdoor.com/p/tZnYQBKk_Bb4?view=detail.) Nor did Hamilton’s challenger, Bill Hirt.

The church sanctuary was packed with people.

people attending

Almost all the candidates spoke well and seemed to support environmental stewardship. It was hard to tell from their answers what their policies would be. The forum was organized by environmental groups, so all the candidates spoke in support of environmental stewardship. But a couple of the candidates, especially Clark and Hummer, expressed some skepticism about whether, for example, it’s worthwhile for the city to declare a public “Climate Crisis” and about what that would entail. Likewise, they said they actions and hiring decisions would depend on metrics, on whether the actions and decisions actually yielded results.

I thought the questions were too general and made it too easy for the candidates to equivocate.

Questions asked

There was a timekeeper and one candidate repeatedly talked longer than their allotted time. The timekeeper should have been more aggressive at stopping them.

Clark repeatedly said that we need metrics to determine which policies actually work . Hummer warned that too-stringent environmental regulations would burden poor people the most. That struck me as way for people who are basically anti-environment to justify their policies by saying “We can’t do it, because it would be unfair to the poor.” But it’s clear that good environmental policies could and should be balanced by aid to the poor and should be designed in such a way that the poorer people get many of the benefits.

On the role of real estate developers, who tend to have too much power, Clark said we need to balance the need to serve the public interest with the need to incentivize developers to develop. If we move the needle too far to the left, no building will get built. If we move the needle too far to the right, it would be a giveaway to the public. Other candidates agreed that the city needs to work with developers, e.g., in the Wilburton area just east of downtown. My fear is that money will buy the election, via campaign spending, and real estate developers will buy candidates who serve them. Affordable housing, public amenities (such as green areas, sidewalks, median strips), and walkability are important goals the city council should pursue.

I submitted a question about loosening zoning regulations in residential neighborhoods to allow stores and home businesses (so people wouldn’t have to drive so much), but they ran out of time.

My summary about is very incomplete, and I hope others will comment and fill in the gaps.

People attending

Food

Did the U.S. orchestrate the 2014 Maidan uprising? Or did it just back it and exploit it?

There are competing views about this.

Modern Diplomacy’s US campaign behind the turmoil in Kiev says, “Incontrovertible proofs will be presented here not only that it was a coup, but that this coup was organized by the U.S. Government:  “that the U.S. Government initiated the ‘new Cold War’.”   I don’t know the nature of that publication.

Likewise, Robert Parry’s 2015 piece The Ukraine Mess That Nuland Made in Truthout says, “Assistant Secretary of State Victoria Nuland engineered Ukraine’s regime change without weighing the likely consequences.” Parry said that far right groups such as the Right Secktor played a large role in the 2014 regime change and will be difficult to control.

So, for nearly a year and a half, the West’s mainstream media, especially The New York Times and The Washington Post, twisted their reporting into all kinds of contortions to avoid telling their readers that the new regime in Kiev was permeated by and dependent on neo-Nazi fighters and Ukrainian ultra-nationalists who wanted a pure-blood Ukraine, without ethnic Russians.

Any mention of that sordid reality was deemed “Russian propaganda” and anyone who spoke this inconvenient truth was a “stooge of Moscow.” It wasn’t until July 7 that the Times admitted the importance of the neo-Nazis and other ultra-nationalists in waging war against ethnic Russian rebels in the east. The Times also reported that these far-right forces had been joined by Islamic militants. Some of those jihadists have been called “brothers” of the hyper-brutal Islamic State.

Though the Times sought to spin this remarkable military alliance – neo-Nazi militias and Islamic jihadists – as a positive, the reality had to be jarring for readers who had bought into the Western propaganda about noble “pro-democracy” forces resisting evil “Russian aggression.”

I’m aware of the infamous “Fxxx the EU” phone conversation with Victoria Nuland, showing the U.S. choosing the new government of Ukraine. That in itself doesn’t imply the U.S. orchestrated the uprising, though it certainly raises one’s suspicions.
But in an essay in the Jacobin, A US-Backed, Far Right–Led Revolution in Ukraine Helped Bring Us to the Brink of War, written right before the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Branko Marcetic wrote “It’s an overstatement to say, as some critics have charged, that Washington orchestrated the Maidan uprising. But there’s no doubt US officials backed and exploited it for their own ends.” Yanukovych was corrupt, the country was torn between pro-Western and pro-Russian factions, and Yanukovych had to choose between economic support from either the West or from Russia. “The driver of this [Maidan] violence was largely the Ukrainian far right,” which was integrated into the new government and the Ukrainian military.

By January 2014, even NBC was admitting that “right-wing militia-type toughs are now one of the strongest factions leading Ukraine’s protests.” What was meant to be a revolution for democracy and liberal values ended up featuring ultranationalist chants from the 1930s and prominent displays of fascist and white supremacist symbols, including the American Confederate flag.

Yet after Maidain, “Little to nothing has changed about Ukrainian corruption or authoritarianism, under either Poroshenko or current president Volodymyr Zelensky, elected in 2019 as an outsider change agent.”

Joe Lauria, editor of Consortium News, wrote Evidence of US-Backed Coup in Kiev. Fact-checking site NewsGuard had criticized Consortium News for saying that the U.S. orchestrated the coup. But NewsGuard does admit that the U.S. backed the coup/uprrising.  https://www.newsguardtech.com/feedback/publisher/consortium-news-com/ .  Also, Luria writes:

The U.S. and NATO have also trained and armed Azov since Barack Obama had denied lethal aid to Ukraine. One reason Obama declined sending arms to Ukraine was because he was afraid they may fall into these right-wing extremists’ hands. According to the green-checked New York Times, “Mr. Obama continues to pose questions indicating his doubts. ‘O.K., what happens if we send in equipment — do we have to send in trainers?’ said one person paraphrasing the discussion on the condition of anonymity. ‘What if it ends up in the hands of thugs? What if Putin escalates?”

It would take a long time to dig through and organize all the evidence and opinions about what exactly happened in 2014. My Compendium has many such links.

Conservatively, I usually say “U.S.-backed uprising.” But I wouldn’t be surprised if it was U.S.-orchestrated.  A lot of what the CIA did was classified, and, indeed, the New Yorker’s Is the F.B.I. Truly Biased Against Trump? contains a telling and suggestive paragraph on the U.S. government’s efforts to suppress information about exactly what happened in Ukraine:

According to [FBI agent] Buma’s statement, shortly after Russia invaded Ukraine, on February 24, 2022, he was told to terminate relations with one of his most valuable sources in that field, Dynamo. The order came from both his supervisors and the F.B.I.’s Foreign Influence Task Force, and, per Buma, superiors told him that the shutdown of Dynamo was based on “highly classified information from the National Security Agency” which he could not access. They also said that it was part of a broader effort, around the time of the invasion, to close off many “sources related to Russia/Ukraine matters.”

 

Summary of Jeffrey Sachs interview with Andrew Napolitano about the CIA, JFK, and Ukraine

CIA Manipulation of Public Opinion

Here’s my summary:

The security state (CIA and Pentagon) run the government more than the White House does, especially when the president is old and weak, as is Biden.  Congress mostly follows what the White House wants (on foreign policy) [and funds the security state extravagantly].  The peoples’ voices barely matter.

The Constitution says that the public must get to know how money is spent, but the government hides a lot of CIA stuff.

Truman created the CIA in 1947 but in 1962 he wrote an oped for the morning edition of WA Post denouncing it as out of control. The oped was withdrawn from the evening edition.  JFK criticized the CIA a few months before his death.

Napolitano asked: Does the intelligence community have a stranglehold on Congress by dirt it has on it?  Sachs didn’t reply directly. Instead, he said that the CIA had two parts:  intelligence gathering, and a secret army. The first part was needed. The second part is out of control.

We have gone off the rails.  Regime change operations. Psyops. Relentlessly false information. Murder.  The facts never see the light of day.  The (Frank) Church Committee exposed some of the CIA shenanigans. We’ve been engaged in nonstop regime operations. The one in 2014 got us into a dangerous war.  “We never heard the truth about that.”

Rogue parts of the U.S. gov may have killed JFK.  The Warren Commission’s magic bullet theory is completely wrong. An 88 year old Secret Service agent recently said the magic bullet theory is wrong because he found the bullet in the back of the limousine and put it on the stretcher. [The BBC covers the story here: Ex-Secret Service agent reveals new JFK assassination detail.]  Alan Dulles (the CIA director fired by JFK) ran the Warren Commission.

Interestingly, the American people never bought the story, because it was so absurd.   But basically they got away with it.  Biden is too old and weak to control the CIA, “And we face a very serious problem.”   Both parties are terrified of the intelligence community, “and they are in a sense paid off” via military jobs in congressional districts.

Sachs says he admires Rand Paul so much for speaking out and telling the truth on many things. But he can’t find any colleagues to help him. They don’t even dare to have a  discussion about Ukraine, despite the many lies told.  [The peace movement needs to engage with Rand Paul more!]

UK, Australia and other Anglo-Saxon countries follow the U.S. lead, blindly and against their self-interest.

Napolitano showed a video clip of Admiral Kirby, spokesperson for the National Security Council, saying at White House press conference recently that the goal of the U.S. continues to be to expel Russia from all of occupied Ukraine. Sachs says that’s a lie and Kirby and others know, including senior members of Congress, know that Russia will never give back Crimea. So Kirby knows he’s not telling the truth — “thereby the smirk.”  Sachs says that Kirby doesn’t explain why we’re in the war, why we toppled the government — another regime change operation in 2014.  Why we pushed NATO enlargement into Ukraine against a clear Russian redline that our own diplomats said was a reckless move and a dangerous move.    Sachs smiled and said that there was a recent gaffe when NATO Secretary Jens Stoltenberg spoke to the EU parliament last week and said, ‘Yes, this is a war because of NATO enlargement.’   Oops, said Sachs (putting his hand over his mouth), Stoltenberg just said what the Putin apologists say.  We overthrew a government that wanted neutrality.

Napolitano showed a clip from a CBS News interview with Gen. Milley (chair of Joint Chiefs of Staff), who said he talks with the Ukraine armed forces senior commander one to three times a week.  The video showed the situation room of the Pentagon. The staff there monitor intelligence collected from Ukraine. The video showed monitors apparently showing the location of Ukrainian forces.  Napolitano asked Sachs if it was reckless to show the maps.  Sachs says his concern is different. “It was completely knowable and predictable that the U.S. was sending Ukraine into a bloodbath this summer.”  If you consider Russia’s echelon defenses that it dug in and its air superiority, you’d know the counter-offensive was doomed.  The U.S. is not telling the truth to ourselves and the American people. Senators Mitt Rommney and Max Blumenthal said we’re getting our money’s worth in this war. But we’re sending 10s of thousands of Ukrainian young people to their deaths. We are bankrolling a bloodbath of Ukrainians.

Another video clip shows Zelensky saying they waited too long for weapons, so the counter-offensive was too late, so the Russian laid good mines, etc.  Naopolitano says Ukraine is a vassal state that we’re paying for.  Zelensky failed miserably.  The war started in 2014 with the coup. Within a few days of the start of the February 2022 phase of the war. Zelensky soon realized he should neogiotate. He tried to negotiate an end to the war, but the U.S. pressured him to stop negotiating.  Zelensky made a mistake by listening to the U.S. and now Ukraine is being destroyed. It’s a bloodbath. Nobody is speaking honestly.  U.S. leaders say that Ukraine just needs more time. Sachs says it’s a lie.  The truth is that this is a terrible blunder that the U.S. pushed Ukraine into. Biden doesn’t tell this truth. “Biden was there from the very start, because he was part of the overthrow group in 2014. It was Biden, it was Nuland, it was Blinken, it was Sullivan. Way back then, same team, under President Obama — same crowd. They’re there today. They made a horrific, horrific set of miscalculations, and they won’t tell the truth because now we have an election coming up — an election that President Biden shouldn’t be any part of anyway because  he’s too old and absolutely should not be president again”.

Sachs says he’ll appear with Napolitano next week too.

 

Some short AI-generated videos: Trump and Hillary kissing, etc

I made these short video clips with Pika Labs text-to-video tool. Some of the source images were made with Midjourney image generation.

In response to David Ignatius on the strategic windfall from the war in Ukraine

From an opinion piece in the Washington Post by Washington Post associate editor David Ignatius:  The West feels gloomy about Ukraine. Here’s why it shouldn’t:

Meanwhile, for the United States and its NATO allies, these 18 months of war have been a strategic windfall, at relatively low cost (other than for the Ukrainians). The West’s most reckless antagonist has been rocked. NATO has grown much stronger with the additions of Sweden and Finland. Germany has weaned itself from dependence on Russian energy and, in many ways, rediscovered its sense of values. NATO squabbles make headlines, but overall, this has been a triumphal summer for the alliance.”

To which my response is:

David Ignatius of the Washington Post says the war in Ukraine is a strategic windfall for the U.S.

Indeed, the war was planned and provoked by the U.S. to weaken Russia.

Chat GPT, write me a poem about militarism and the corruption of Congress

Chat GPT, write me a poem about the bipartisan incompetence, corruption and hubris of Congress, where the only things Democrats and Republicans can agree upon is huge military budgets and endless disastrous wars.

(I edited Chat GPT’s output in about a dozen lines.)

In the once hallowed halls where power resides,
Bipartisan folly and corruption collide,
A Congress divided, yet united in shame,
Incompetence their legacy, hubris in reign.

Democrats and Republicans, hand in hand,
Agree on Pentagon budgets, a militarized stand,
Endless wars they embark upon, reliance on force,
While the nation’s soul withers, without remorse.

Ideals once noble, now buried in mire,
As partisanship burns, like a raging wildfire,
They squabble and bicker, each seeking their gain,
But on endless war, they agree in disdain.

The halls echo with promises, empty and cold,
As the wheels of progress screech to a halt,
Lobbyists whisper, their pockets grow fat,
While the common folk struggle with burdensome stat.

Oh, Congress, once noble, what have you become?
A theater of greed, where the people are undone,
The military-industrial complex is on a roll,
Leaving scars on the nation, an unending toll.

Yet still, there is hope, a flicker of light,
In the hearts of the people who yearn for what’s right,
To rise above partisanship, corruption, and greed,
And reclaim the nation’s soul, to fulfill its true need.

Let us demand better, let our voices be heard,
For a nation united, for the common good stirred,
Away from the wars, the budgets so vast,
Toward a future where peace is steadfast.

In the midst of this chaos, let us find our way,
To a brighter tomorrow, a new kind of day,
Where the halls of power echo with truth and compassion,
And the people’s welfare takes precedence with passion.